The Horsley-Clarke Device was based on the reproducibility of the relationships between landmarks on the skull (external auditory canals, inferior orbital rims, midline) and anatomical structures within the brain of the experimental animal. In 1906 they wrote that "by this means every cubic millimeter of the brain could be studied and recorded." A more complete description of the stereotactic instrument, atlas, and methods was reported in their classic paper of 1908. The most definitive description of the principles and device for stereotaxis is usually credited to Robert Henry Clarke and Victory Horsley, in their detailing and design of an apparatus to study cerebellar function in the monkey. This device was actually used clinically on at least three occasions. ![]() Zernov, a Russian anatomist, subsequently developed the encephalometer, and arc-based guiding device based on polar coordinates that was designed for anatomic operations on the human brain. The first recorded use of guided probes in the neurophysiology laboratory was in 1873, when Dittmar in Ludwig's laboratory applied a uniquely designed guiding device to the medulla oblongata. Saunders Company (1991)ĭEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL STEREOTACTIC SYSTEMS (1873-1932) Overall, this Quantum Engineer controller offers an easy way for modelers with DC layouts to enjoy all of the amazing DCC sound and operating capabilities built into the latest crop of dual-mode locomotives.Philadelphia: W.B. A comprehensive two-page set of instructions is available as a PDF download from the Web site The small pull-out tab underneath the controller contains the basic programming instructions. This controller allows DC users to access advanced DCC programming options to simulate the effect of different loads on train handling, train braking rates, locomotive shut-down and start-up procedures, and verbal scale-speed readouts. The last four light gray buttons control the system’s shut-down, standby, start-up, and verbal status- report functions.Īdvanced features. ![]() Two of these actuate the throttle modes: STC (standard throttle control) for immediate response and RTC (regulated train control) for simulated inertia. The 15 dark gray buttons in the middle of the panel select the sound functions such as coupling, fans, shutters, lights, and flange squeal – one even sounds the standard grade crossing warning.Ī group of five light gray buttons (upper left) are used to control sound volume and for a variety of adjustable programming functions. For best effect, the instructions recommend setting the throttle at the desired maximum speed and then controlling the train with the brake. The primary controls are on the right side of the panel, and they operate the horn or whistle (red button), bell (blue), and brake application and release (yellow). The normal power pack speed and direction controls remain active, but they’re supplemented by three groups of push buttons that are color-coded and clearly labeled to operate the various Quantum functions. ![]() The same indicator flashes in the programming mode. When power is on, a red indicator light glows in the upper left corner of the controller. Wiring is a matter of connecting a pair of wires to the power pack’s variable DC output and two wires to the track. The Quantum Engineer is built into a small plastic case, 2¾” x 5″ x 1¼”, to be mounted on a DC power pack with double-faced tape. Broadway Limited Imports (BLI) also includes the QARC system in its recent versions of the Chesapeake & Ohio class T-1 2-10-4 Electro-Motive Division E-series passenger units, SD40-2, and yard switchers and the Pennsylvania K-4 4-6-2.Įxcept for operating the horn and bell, the Engineer control is not suitable for older Quantum-equipped engines that do not have the QARC technology.Įasy installation and operation. This QARC system is built into Atlas Master Gold Series, Life-Like Proto 2000, and Hobbycraft Canada sound-equipped locomotives. It’s designed to operate dual-mode sound locomotives that include the latest QSI Quantum Analog Remote Control (QARC) system. The Quantum Engineer is an add-on DC controller that operates the QSI Quantum System sound and programming features that were formerly available only to modelers operating with Digital Command control (DCC).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |